1500’s Leonardo da Vinci makes drawings of flying machines. He envisions them with wings that flap. 1783 November 21 – Two noblemen from the court of Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette are the first to pilot a hot-air balloon. They mistakenly think that smoke, not heat, makes the balloon rise. 1903 December 17 – Orville and Wilbur Wright take-off on the world’s first powered airplane flight in Kitty Hawk, NC. Their plane, the Wright Flyer, is airborne for 12 seconds. 1907 August 1 – The U.S. Airforce is established. 1909 July 25 – French aviator Louis Bleroit flies across the English Channel. He is the first person ever to arrive in England by a means other than water. 1912 March 12 – Albert Berry makes the first ever parachute jump from an airplane over Jefferson Barracks Missouri. 1919 John Alcock and Arthur Whitten Brown make the first nonstop transatlantic flight. 1923 May 2 – U.S. Navy pilots Kelly and McCready, complete the first transcontinental flight from New York to California. 1924 Two U.S. Army planes complete the first flight around the world. Four Douglas biplanes were built for the journey. The trip began in Seattle. Six months and six days later, two of the planes finished the 27,553-mile trip. 1927 May 20 – Then airmail pilot Charles Lindbergh sets out from New York on the first-ever, solo flight across the Atlantic. 33 hours and 29 minutes later, he lands safely in Paris. Before he takes off, he is dubbed the “flying fool” for trying to fly the route alone. 1931 October 5 – Clyde Pangborn and Hugh Herndon make the first nonstop flight across the Pacific. 1932 Amelia Earhart becomes the first woman to fly alone across the Atlantic Ocean. 1933 Wiley Post completes the first round-the-world solo flight. 1939 The jet-engine airplane makes its first successful flight. 1945 July 28 – An army B-25 bomber crashes into the Empire State Building in New York City. 1947 October 14 – Air Force Captain Chuck Yeager becomes the first person to break the sound barrier in the experimental X-1 aircraft. On Dec. 12, 1953, Yeager broke another speed record, flying 1,650 mph (Mach 2.5) in an X-1A rocket plane. 1949 The U.S. Air Force makes the first nonstop round-the-world flight. 1958 The first jet plane crosses the Atlantic. 1961 January 31 – Ham the chimpanzee goes into space in a test of the Project Mercury capsule. April 12 – Russian cosmonaut Yuri Gargarin becomes the first man in space. He completes one orbit of the earth, giving the Russians the edge in the “race to space.” May 5 – Alan Shepard becomes the first American in space. 1962 John Glen becomes the first American to orbit the earth. 1963 Russian Cosmonaut Valentina Tereshkova becomes the first woman space-traveler. She flew aboard Vostok 6, and spent three days in orbit. 1964 April 17 – Mrs. Jerrie Mock is the first woman to fly solo around the world. 1965 March 18 – Russian cosmonaut Alexi Lenov becomes the first man to walk in space. 1969 July 20 – Neil Armstrong becomes the first man to walk on the moon. 1970 April 17 – Apollo 13 launches in the third lunar-landing attempt. The mission is aborted due to malfunctions. The crew miraculously returns safely to earth. 1971 June 6 – The Russian spacecraft Soyuz 11 launches and links up with the first space station, Salyut 1. The spacecraft loses pressurization, and all four astronauts aboard die just before reentry. 1973 The launch of the Skylab space station – the crew is in flight for a little over 28 days. 1977 The Concorde SST lands for the first time in the United States. 1981 The Space Shuttle Columbia – the first space craft designed specifically for reuse – launches for the first time. 1983 Sally Ride becomes the first U.S. woman in space. 1986 The Space Shuttle Challenger explodes 74 second after take off. Six astronauts and teacher Christa McAuliffe are killed. 1988 On the Space Station Mir, Col. Vladimir Titov and Musa Manarov set the team record for time spent in space: 366 days. 1990 The first paying passenger, Japanese journalist Tohiro Akiyama, goes into space aboard the Russian spacecraft Soyuz TM-11. 1995 February 3 – The U.S. Space Shuttle Discovery lifts off to make the first rendezvous with the Russian Space Station Mir. On board is Col. Eileen Collins, the first female Shuttle pilot. 1998 June 2 – The Space Shuttle Discovery’s ninth and final docking at the Russian Space Station Mir, setting the stage for the International Space Station Partnership. October 29 – John Glenn returns to space, becoming the oldest man ever to make the trip. The Space Shuttle Discovery’s mission is to study the effects of aging in space, and to deploy and retrieve the Spartan solar-observing satellite. December 4 – The Space Shuttle Endeavor launches, carrying hardware for International Space Station Assembly.
