Systematic observations: The observer gathers data on one or more precisely defined behaviors.Non-systematic observations: The observer watches the child at school in a setting of concern and takes notes on the behaviors, characteristics, and personal interactions that seem significant.Standardized observations: The observer uses professionally published systems.
In special education, observations are important resources because they not only help you understand your child’s school day, but they also are usually accompanied by recommendations as to how the learning environment can be improved or changed to suit your child’s individual needs. If you are concerned about a particular aspect of your child’s school day, you also have the right to have your child observed by an expert that you choose. Of course, this observation typically must be paid for out of pocket, but it is your right if you choose to exercise it.
Determine how strong or weak your child’s skills are across settingsDocument performance over time in a reliable, valid mannerMeasure progress or lack of progress
Rating scales are standardized questionnaires completed by teachers, parents, and other people familiar with the student. They provide national comparisons as well and can be used to gauge your child’s progress. While these scales provide useful information, try not to let the scores derail your real goal, which is that your student receive the best education possible. You want to be sure your child’s educational team is addressing problem issues in a reliable and effective manner. It’s also useful for the special education teacher to develop a clearer picture of the progress your child has made as well as how far they have to go and adjust their education plans accordingly. Be sure to help your child’s teacher gather all the information they need to do a record review. Doing so will have an impact on the educational plan the teacher devises. In primary level basic math, for example, the ability to recognize connections between numbers and quantities, the addition of single digits, adding a single digit to a double-digit, or other skills would be addressed. Criterion-referenced tests are often used to evaluate whether a student is making the expected progress toward the goals laid out in their IEP plan. They can indicate what skills might need to be addressed going forward.
Conducting researchGiving an oral presentation Collaborating with othersRevising and discussing papersWriting a news article, poem, or short story
Again, it’s important not to get too hung up on the scores. Instead, focus on what this information provides you and the educational team as well as what is being done to help your child improve and achieve their goals. In the end, the teacher can study all the assessments used and formulate a more complete picture of where they need to go next in your child’s education. Remember, no single test or evaluation can completely define a child. Assessments merely provide educators with information on how to provide the best services and support for their students.
